Many of us will remember the television show, Mork and Mindy.

Imagine that you have just moved to Canada and you overhear a conversation, “ I was watching NBC and they said that the FBI arrested a criminal at IGA.”

You probably wouldn’t understand what they said because we all use acronyms. We often replace the long descriptions for many organizations, institutions and government bodies with the initials or short forms in conversations. The show was based on Mork, an alien, misunderstanding terms, expressions and common traditions that we have in our society. It made for a funny show but it’s not so funny if you are new to Canada or want to make the largest purchase in your life.

Imagine this same person speaking to a realtor or a mortgage broker when they started using abbreviations for words used in their industry. As a public service to any of you who may have recently arrived from a foreign county or another planet, I am going to define a few expressions that we all take for granted.

AMORTIZATION – How long you have to pay off the mortgage on a home. Typically in Canada you have 25 years. In Japan it can be 99 years. Payments are spread out equally over the specified time period . If they were not, you would have huge payments in the first few years and very small ones in the last 6 months of your mortgage term.

DOWN – short for down payment. A deposit of 5% minimum is required for a home purchase.

FLEX DOWN – a borrowed down payment program, where the repayment of the loan is included in the debt calculations.

PULL – “He pulled my credit before the loan approval “ – a pull is a credit bureau report inquiry.

TRADE LINES – a trade line is a credit card or cellphone account, a loan or mortgage that appears on your credit report.

DEROGS – short for derogatory , referring to late payments on your credit report.

20/20 – refer to your ability to repay 20% of the mortgage balance or increase your payment by 20% without incurring a penalty.

MIC – short for a Mortgage Investment Corporation – a group of investors who will lend you the money for a mortgage if a traditional lender will not due to unusual circumstances.

TERM – although mortgages have 25 year amortizations, Canadians traditionally take terms of 1- 5 years and then renegotiate their mortgages. 1-5 years is the TERM.

DEFAULT – failing to pay your mortgage on time puts your mortgage into DEFAULT

FORECLOSESURE – If your mortgage is in default you can make your payments up or the lender will put your home in FORECLOSEURE and you will lose your home.

OPEN MORTGAGE – a mortgage where you can pay out the mortgage at any time during the term.

CLOSED MORTGAGE –a mortgage where you have agreed to pay the lender for a specified period of time . If you wish to terminate the mortgage, a penalty will have to be paid.

PIT – principal, interest and taxes – an amount used to calculate how much you can afford to pay monthly on your home. Often heat is also included in this calculation (PITH) .

High Ratio – a mortgage where the buyer has less than 20% for the down payment and needs to pay CMHC fees to insure it.

CONVENTIONAL – a mortgage where the buyer has 20% or more down payment or equity in their home.

While I have not covered all the terms you may encounter I hope that I have covered most of them.

If you find yourself talking to a mortgage broker who is using business expressions you should feel free to remind them that you are not in the industry and would like to the terms explained. Any broker worth their salt will be very happy to explain these terms to you. There are many Dominion Lending Centres mortgage professionals who are more than happy to answer your questions.

By David Cooke

With all the news about interest rates rising do you go long or short with your rate when you set up your mortgage?

After discussing your current life situation and answering some key questions with your Dominion Lending Centres mortgage broker you can make some decisions and set your mortgage rate and term to best fit your needs. There are many interest rate terms to choose from (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10 year fixed and 3 and 5 year variable). If you are looking to lock in to a short or long term fixed rate, consider this:

A long-term mortgage makes sense if:

• If rates were on the rise and you could not take the hit. A long term rate gives you peace of mind.
• You don’t have a nest egg of savings or investments to fall back on
• You have little equity or net worth
• Your income could change based on a growing family or retirement for example

A short-term mortgage may be the way to go if:

• You expect to pay off large chunks of your mortgage or sell your home within the next three years
• You have a short remaining amortization (e.g. 5-6 years or less)
• Your credit is impaired and you need alternative lending till you repair your credit so you can qualify at a better rate in one year.
• You need to refinance in coming years to access your equity for education, investment purposes, etc
• You believe rates won’t rise soon and you have a short-term rate where you can make higher-than-required payments to maximize the reduction of your mortgage

With two year rates in the low two per cent, five-year fixed rates under three per cent and 10 year terms under four per cent there is enough of a spread that some borrowers can decide easily to go long or short with your rate. If you want flexibility go short. If you have little equity and want to play it safe maybe the long term rate for 5,7 or 10 years is for you. As rates shift upwards and the spread between the five and 10 year shortens you have to consider if a difference of .5 per cent in a rate may be so insignificant that locking in to a long term rate may make sense for some, while others will take the risk and continue to play the short game. We have seen the spread between the short and long term rates become slim which creates the opportunity for discussion. These are decisions you can only make once you run the numbers with your DLC mortgage broker.

Maybe it is time to add a call to your mortgage broker to review your mortgage plan.

By Pauline Tonkin

So we are going to do a series over the next few weeks of things the average mortgage professional wished people knew so that they would not be held back by inadvertent missteps.

This week we will look at young adults just starting out. Let’s outline five things you really need to be aware of to set yourselves up for true financial dominance.

1. Credit is not evil, it is necessary. If you grew up in a home where only the dangers of credit were discussed then you need to hear the flip side as well. Credit itself is not dangerous. The misuse and over extension of it, is. You have to have established credit to do almost anything from buying a home to getting a cell phone, from getting utilities to renting an apartment. Proper management of your credit will save you money as you will have a proven history and will receive the best offers for credit cards and mortgages.

2. Everybody starts out being given the benefit of the doubt. There are 2 credit agencies in Canada which all lenders of all things report to monthly. You will be graded on your ability to make your payments on time, stay within your limits and as to how much overall credit you have. Everybody is given a strong score at the beginning. It is up to you to keep it. Even the cell phone providers report to the agencies so make sure you pay that on time too.

3. The magic number for the rest of your life is 2! You need to have 2 types of credit, reporting for at least 2 years with a minimum limit of $2000. If you pay off a car loan, make sure you still have 2 types of credit. If you decide to stay home with your future family, still make sure you have 2 types of credit reporting in your name. One of the credit facilities should be a credit card. The way you manage this revolving access to credit is looked at carefully by potential lenders.

4. The onus is on you. Nobody is going to call you to remind you that a payment is due. If you move to a new area you are the one responsible to let the companies know where to forward the bill to. If you are offered a $13,000 line of credit and a $54,000 car loan and you accept, you cannot later blame them for ‘letting’ you get yourself into trouble. If you accept a mortgage, it is up to you to ask questions before you sign. A large credit balance and a high vehicle payment will dramatically affect your ability to purchase a home. That $13,000 line of credit or a $400 vehicle payment will each decrease your purchasing power by $100,000.

5. To keep your score strong:
• Make your payments on time
• do not exceed 50% of the available credit limit
• Be cautious in how many credit inquiries you allow

There you have it. The things we wish young people knew so that when they are ready to move into the next phase of their life they will not be abruptly stopped and have to wait and wish someone had told them. There are so many amazing Dominion Lending Centres mortgage professionals who are more than happy to answer your questions so ask away before you get stung.

By Pam Pikkert

According to the latest Statistics Canada’s 2016 census data released last month, Canadian seniors now outnumber children for the first time, with 5.9 million Canadian seniors compared to 5.8 million Canadians 14 years of age or younger. The number of Canadian seniors is expected to continue to grow because of the gains in life expectancy.
As the only financial institution in Canada working exclusively with seniors, we often conduct research studies to get direct insight into the behaviour of the Canadian aging population. HomEquity Bank’s latest research study (May 2017), The Home Stretch: A review of debt and home ownership among Canadian seniors indicated that 91% of Canadians over 65 prefer staying in their home throughout retirement, however 78% have savings and investments, and only 40% of those have less than $100,000 set aside.

What does this mean for aging Canadians?
Canadian seniors are getting more comfortable with their debt, with many financing their lifestyle with debt. In this study by HomEquity Bank using Equifax data, it shows that among Canadian seniors, 15% still carry a mortgage, 30% carry unsecured lines of credit (LOC) and 10% have a home equity line of credit (HELOC). The total debt average for seniors is $29,973, which translates to $15,493 per Canadian senior.
On a geographical basis, British Columbia has the highest debt balance for seniors with an average of $41,054 per person compared to the national average of $29,973. This is due primarily to a higher mortgage debt. On average mortgage debt per senior mortgage holder in B.C. is $128,338 compared with the national average of $95,737, with 17.7% of the senior population in B.C. still holding a mortgage.
Moreover, Canadian seniors now rely heavily on government and other retirement benefits during their retirement.
– 77% rely on the Canada Pension Plan as their primary expected source of income;
– 73% rely on Old Age Security; whereas only
– 57% are drawing upon their RRSPs;
– 48% have a work pension; and
– 48% have savings

How can a CHIP Reverse Mortgage help?
The growing senior demographic in Canada prefers to age in place in the comfort of their home, despite their limited savings for retirement. The CHIP Reverse Mortgage from HomEquity Bank, provides a way for Canadians aged 55+ to unlock the value of equity in their home. Seniors can consolidate their existing debt and finance their retirement while continually protecting a portion of that equity, and they can help relieve the financial burden on their children.
Unlike a loan or conventional mortgage, the CHIP Reverse Mortgage from HomEquity Bank does not require any monthly mortgage payments, not even interest payments, and is only repaid once the homeowner(s) no longer live(s) in the home (when they move, sell or pass away). A reverse mortgage is a great solution that provides access to tax-free cash when Canadians need it the most and best of all, they get to remain in their memory filled homes for the remainder of their lives.

To read the complete HomEquity Bank and Equifax study on Debt and Homeownership from May 2017, click here.

For more info, contact your Dominion Lending Centres mortgage specialist.

By Yvonne Ziomecki

In the past, it was easy to give our clients the best mortgage rate available. Unfortunately, new government regulations have created a fragmentation of interest rates that make “giving you our best rate,” more complex.
It’s important to distinguish between what is “insurable” and “uninsurable.” An “insurable” mortgage is approved at 25 years amortization and at a higher rate than what a borrower would actually be paying (called the qualification rate – at time of this article, it is 4.64%). An uninsurable mortgage is any refinance, mortgage on rental properties, mortgages approved at 30 years amortization, and properties worth more than $1 million.
Below is some information that outlines which scenarios allow you to get the best interest rate available, and what type of lender can provide these rates.
Please note: I am assuming average to above average credit in the scenarios below.

Best Rates – Monoline Lenders
Insured Mortgages
• On all purchases with less than 20% down payment, insurance is mandatory
• On purchases with 20% down payment or more, insurance may also be obtained
The absolute best rates are for mortgages that are insured by one of the three Canadian mortgage insurance companies: CMHC, Genworth or Canada Guarantee. When your mortgage is insured, the insurance company steps in to pay your monthly mortgage payments to the lender if you don’t pay. An insured mortgage is inherently a lower risk for the lender than a mortgage that is not insured.

Great to Best Rates – Monoline Lenders
Insurable, low loan to value Mortgages
• You have a large down payment
• Your mortgage is for a purchase on a property under $1 million in value
• Your mortgage is approved at 25 years amortization at 4.64%
When your mortgage can be insured, Monoline lenders take it upon themselves to insure your mortgage for you, making the mortgage less risky to them so that they can provide you with the lowest rates. However, insurance costs for lenders increase with mortgage loan to value. This increase in insurance cost is transferred to you, the borrower, providing you with slightly higher interest rates.

Good to Great Rates – Banks and Credit Unions
Uninsurable Mortgages or insurable, high loan-to-value Mortgages
• On refinances
• On mortgages that require 30-years amortization
• On mortgages where properties are over $1 million in value
For uninsurable mortgages, our normal go-to lenders have higher interest rates because they are forced to insure their mortgages, making them pass the extra costs to you, the borrower. On the other hand, banks and credit unions are not required to insure their mortgages, making them the best fit for higher loan-to-value mortgages.

Good Rates – Monoline Lenders, Banks, and Credit Unions
Rental properties and stated income
• Rental properties
• Stated Income
Most lenders will increase your interest rate on rental properties because they see these mortgages as having a higher risk than ones on owner occupied homes. Also, lenders may also increase interest rate for self-employed individuals who need to prove a higher income than what they have stated on their tax returns.

Highest Rates – Private Lenders
Mortgages that cannot be approved through regular lenders
• Stated Income B Side
• Equity Mortgages
When a stated income cannot be insured, lenders increase their interest rate to offset the risk of someone who cannot prove their income. An equity mortgage is one where a client has down payment or equity but no income shown. Lenders look at these files as having the highest risk.

Call a Dominion Lending Centres mortgage professional today to see how we can help you get the best interest rate on your mortgage so you can buy your dream home!

By Eitan Pinsky

Single-family detached homes are the most popular choice of Canadian homeowners, but aspiring first-time homebuyers should consider all their options before starting their house hunt. Don’t overlook the perfect option for your family – you may be surprised by what’s out there, at or below your budget.

According to Statistics Canada, over half (55 per cent) of Canadian households have opted for the classic single-family detached house. While condos are a distant second with roughly a quarter of homeowners opting for them, they are significantly more popular in big metro areas like Toronto and Vancouver. Rounding out the homeowner choices at 17.8 per cent of households, are other housing options like row houses, semi-detached houses, mobile or modular homes, and other single-attached dwellings (such as urban infill homes).

What starter home is right for you? Read on for a look at the most common (and lesser known) home options. Consider all your options, so you can maximize your opportunity to find the perfect dwelling to call home sweet home.

SINGLE FAMILY DETACHED:
Definition: A single-family, standalone house that sits on its own lot
Strengths:
• Privacy
• Less noise from neighbours
• Consistent demand in established neighbourhoods
Considerations:
• Generally costs more to buy
• Maintenance costs
• Highly competitive market in large metro areas, which can include bidding wars and houses selling for well over asking price

SINGLE-FAMILY, SEMI-DETACHED:
Definition: A single-family house attached to another house on one side only
Strengths:
• More affordable to buy than a fully detached home
• Most of the privacy of a single family detached
• Can be more affordable to maintain than a fully detached home
Considerations:
• Less privacy than a detached home
• Some noise from neighbours through shared wall

DUPLEX:
Definition: A structure with two single-family units on separate levels
Strengths:
• Great way to reduce home purchase and carrying costs: live in one unit, rent the second one out
• Flexibility: move adult children or ageing parents into the second unit as needed down the road
Considerations:
• Less privacy than a single-family detached home
• Some noise from tenants through floor/ceiling

TOWNHOUSE OR ROWHOUSE:
Definition: A row of single-family homes, connected on both sides to the next home (except for the end units which are only connected on one side). All have their own separate yards. May be freehold or have condo-style shared ownership rights and responsibilities.
Strengths:
• More affordable to buy than a detached or demi-detached home
• Can be more affordable to maintain than a fully detached home
• Private yard
Considerations:
• Less privacy than a single-family detached home
• Some noise from neighbours through shared walls
• Condominium-style ownership include monthly condo fees/maintenance costs.

CONDOMINIUM:
Definition: Low- or high-rise buildings containing many apartment units. Units are individually owned, with shared ownership rights and responsibilities to the common areas and building.
Strengths:
• Affordable
• Swimming pool, fitness centre, party room and other shared amenities are standard
• Minimal maintenance work required
Considerations:
• Monthly condo/maintenance fees in addition to mortgage payments
• Less privacy/more noise with neighbours on all sides, plus shared common areas
• Typically smaller than detached or semi-detached homes

MODULAR or MOBILE HOME:
Definition: Factory-built homes delivered to a home-site for installation. The home is owned outright, while the land it sits on could be owned or rented.
Strengths:
• Affordable
• Flexibility: if you relocate, you could sell the mobile home in situ, or move it with you to a different home-site
• Useful in areas where it can be hard to build (due to climate or location)
Considerations:
• Less resale demand than other housing types
• Annual rent increases if renting land in a mobile home community

CARRIAGE HOUSE or URBAN INFILL:
Definition: A carriage house is located on the periphery of a single family detached house. Urban infill homes are a modern solution to crowded cities, re-purposing existing spaces in established residential or commercial areas to maximize use and reduce urban sprawl.
Strengths:
• Often located in interesting, urban environments
• Unique, character dwellings
• Often less expensive than a typical single-family detached house
Considerations:
• Limited inventory
• Potential for noise pollution in a busy location
• Limited or non-existent yard space
• Finding the right home for your needs means considering your lifestyle and budget now, as well as where you’ll be a few years down the road. Want more new-homeowner inspiration?

By Marc Shendale